.... Arthur Schuster at the University of Manchester. He began persuing alpha particles in 1908. With the help of Geiger he found the number of alpha particles emitted per second by a gram of radium. He was also able to confirm that alpha particles cause a faint but discrete flash when striking luminescent zinc sulfide screen. These great accomplishments are all overshadowed by Rutherford's famous Gold Foil experiment which revolutionized the atomic model. This experiment was Rutherford's most notable achievement. It not only disproved Thomson's atomic model but also paved the way for such discoveries as the atomic bomb and nuclear power. The atomic mo .....

.... will accommodate installation of different focal plane instruments, with in-flight accessibility, provided by investigators selected from the international science community. The Observatory objective is to have an operational lifetime in excess of 20 years. The SOFIA project is in the early full-scale stage. The start of detailed system design is anticipated in the Fall of 1996. The German Space Agency (DARA) is a partner with NASA in the SOFIA project. DARA will provide the telescope and NASA will provide the rest of the facility including the 747 aircraft, aircraft modifications, on-board mission control system, ground facilities and support equipment, over .....

.... the low marsh is dominated by a single species, salt-marsh cordgrass. The high marsh consists of a short cordgrass called hay, spike grass, and glasswort. Glasswort is the dominant plant of Pacific Coast salt marshes. Freshwater marshes provide nesting and wintering habitats for waterfowl and shorebirds, muskrats, frogs, and many aquatic insects. Salt marshes are wintering grounds for snow geese and ducks, a nesting habitat for herons and rails, and a source of nutrients for estuarine waters. Marshes are important in flood control, in sustaining high-water tables, and as settling basins to reduce pollution downstream. Despite their great environmental value, .....

.... the main sources for nitric acid (about 40% of the total), while power generating plants, industrial, commercial, and residential fuel combustion together contribute most of the rest. In the air, the sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can be transformed into sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and the air current can send them thousands of miles from the source. When the acids fall to the earth in any form it will have large impact on the growth or the preservation of certain wildlife. NO DEFENSE Areas like Ontario, Canada, mainly southern regions that are near the Great Lakes, have substances such as limestone or other known antacids that can neutralize acids .....

.... none; this is because an ideal gas is said to be a particle and particles do not have any mass. Ideal gases obtain no volume unlike real gases which obtain small volumes. Also, since ideal gas particles excerpt no attractive forces, their collisions are elastic. Real gases excerpt small attractive forces. The pressure of an ideal gas is much greater than that of a real gas since its particles lack the attractive forces which hold the particles back when they collide. Therefore, they collide with less force. The differences between ideal gases and real gases can be viewed most clearly when the pressure is high, the temperature is low, the gas particles are .....

.... from a mixture of liquid and solid substance at its freezing point, the substance will remain at the same temperature until it has become completely solid, because heat is given off by the substance in its change from the liquid to the solid state. Hence, the freezing point or melting point of a pure substance may also be defined as the temperature at which freezing or melting continues once it has commenced. All solids melt when heated to their melting points, but most liquids can remain liquid even though cooled below their freezing points. A liquid may remain in this supercooled state for some time. This phenomenon is explained by molecular theory, which .....

.... refrigerator gases. CFCs were the perfect answer for cooling refrigerators and air conditioners. They were easily turned into liquid at room temperature with application of just a small amount of pressure, and they could easily then be turned back into gas. CFCs were completely inert and not poisonous to humans. They became ideal solvents for industrial solutions and hospital sterilants. Another use found for them was to blow liquid plastic into various kinds of foams. In the 1930's, household insecticides were bulky and hard to use, so CFCs were created because they could be kept in liquid form and in an only slightly pressurized can. Thus, in 1947, .....

.... temperatures are rising. Energy from the sun makes the earth's weather and climate, and heats the earth; in return. Greenhouse gases (water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other gases) trap some of the energy that leaves, botteling heat like the glass panels of a greenhouse. Without this natural "greenhouse effect," temperatures would be alot lower than they are now, and life like today would not work. Instead, thanks to greenhouse gases, the earth's average temperature is better, 60°F. But, problems may happen when the amount of greenhouse gases increases. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, great amounts of carbon dioxide ha .....