Part 1 of Essay
is defined as a congenital foot deformity characterized by a kidney shaped foot that turns inward and points down. The forefoot is curved inward, the heel is bent inward, and the ankle is fixed in planter flexion with the toes pointing down. Shortened tendons on the inside of the lower leg, together with abnormally shap ....

Part 2 of Essay
.... was recommended. During that same century, a mechanical device resembling a turnbuckle was used to help stretch the tendons. By this time was pretty well known around the world, using the typical stretching and splinting methods. In the 1800’s plaster of paris was first introduced, and later that same century, the introduction of aseptic technique and anasthesia diminished, but not eliminated infection. As the 70’s and 80’s rolled around, other more reliable methods were depended upon. These new metho ....