Part 1 of Essay
Communism began in the early 19th century in response to the problematic beginnings of modern capitalism. At that time communism was the basis for many utopian settlements, most, however, eventually failed. These small-scale experiments into communism were done with voluntary cooperation, with everyone participating in t ....

Part 2 of Essay
.... thought that with the collapse of the capitalism, society would conclude in a political revolution in which the huge number of poor would rebel against their oppressors. The revolution would do away with private ownership of the means of production. Society would be run by and for the people. Marx and Engels expected that this movement would happen in the most highly industrialized nations of Western Europe, the only part of the world where the conditions were ripe for these developments. This had not happene ....