Part 1 of Essay
On the western side of the Lower Niger River live some Igbo speaking groups. Their social history can be traced to the fifteen or tenth century AD, when some of their ancestors, whom original homelands in the Anambra valley and the Orlu and Isuama areas, began to respond to the ecological crisis that was afflicting their h ....

Part 2 of Essay
.... east of the Niger, the social organization of certain clans instigated the reproduction of generations of "headhunters." Motivated not by material but by social considerations. The young men's were to expected to return home with trophies of human heads after wars that were usually provoked for the purpose of proving they were brave men, deserving of the exalted title of great warriors and has the right to join a club. Those men who could not accomplish this feat were treated as cowards; they were laughed ....